Episodes of bipolar disorder
Bipolar disorder is an episodic disorder ( recurrent) . It usually consists of three states :
1-a high state of agitation, called "mania" ;
2-a state of depression ;
3-a state of well -being, during which most people with this disorder feel normal and function well .
The person may have symptoms of unipolar ( either manic or depressive ), or mixed symptoms (both manic and depressive ) . The mixed state is generally associated with the manic phase of the disease is sometimes called " dysphoric mania ".
Types of bipolar disorder
Some people have successively manic , depressed and mixed states, and times when they feel good . These are people with bipolar disorder type I. Others have a less severe form of mania called " hypomania ." People who go through periods of hypomania and depression interspersed with periods without symptoms, but frank mania , have bipolar II disorder .
Order and frequency of different states
In general, manic or hypomanic , mixed and depressive states do not occur in a particular order, and their frequency is unpredictable. For many people , several years between each episode , others have more frequent episodes. A person with bipolar disorder experiences about ten depressive , manic , hypomanic or mixed during his lifetime. Over the years , the episodes become more frequent . Without treatment, a manic state may last two or three months. Untreated depression usually lasts longer, that is to say, for four to six months.
fast cycle
In about 20 to 100 cases , patients experience four or more episodes per year (and sometimes more ) , between which they do not have symptoms . This phenomenon is called rapid cycling , it is a type of bipolar disorder that requires special treatment . We do not know the exact cause . Sometimes it can be triggered by certain antidepressants , according to an unknown mechanism. Sometimes , the patient returns to a "normal" cycle when stop taking the antidepressant .
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